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Notes on Troutbeck case towards the front of the volume. [This case, in which Sir Frederick Pollock acted for the claimants, was heard in the 1830s, and so the book may have been begun then, and only later used for mathematical notes].

Dates given for Pollock's mathematical notes run from 17 Dec. 1857 to 1 Mar. 1858. They include proofs under the heading 'a remarkable property of the odd squares is that any two adjoining ones may be represented thus...', p. 202-

Also present are notes on French vocabulary (p 256), and verse (pp 404-411).

Entries in index: 'on the connection of M W N & m n page 428'; 'on changing the sums of Square by altering the Root p 284'; '2nd Communication [to the Royal Society]', 298; 'Fermat's theorems. Paper for Royal Society p. 250'; 'on the gradation series, 338'; 'letter to Mr De Morgan proving that the two forms (a² + a + b² + c²)= (m² + m + n² + p² + p), 142'; 'Numbers - Forms of which make 4 sqr roots =1 etc tc, p 190'; 'Triangular nos p. 475'.

Other page headings not mentioned in the index include: 'on the division of odd nos into 4 square & other forms', p. 2; 'on Fermat's mysteries of numbers', p. 162. The title in full of the paper for the Royal Society which begins on p. 250 is 'On the first and second Theorems of Fermat relating to the polygonal numbers and on the forms not exceeding 4 into which odd numbers may be divided'.

Two large sheets dated 1867 and labelled 'Diagram no. 1' and 'Diagram no. 2'

Entries in index: 'De Morgan - correspondence with - p. 1'; 'Differences of Squares - that compose the odd nos. 120'; Differences of Roots. 230'; 'Gradation - Series. 50'; 'Paper for Royal Society - p. 562'; 'Roots - changing roots by diminishing them till a+b-c-d+1. 300'; 'on the differences a Sum of Roots of 1, 3, 7, 13, 21 &c. 130'; 'Roots may always = 1. 320'; 'Properties of 3 Squares. 348. 'These Properties applied to the series 1 3 7 13 21 &c. 360'; 'Series - oon the Series 1, 3, 13 & c... 84'.

The first version of the title of the 'Paper for Royal Society', as given on p. 562, is 'On a method of proving by means of indices a limit within which any No. may be formed of the terms of certain series, including a proof of Fermat's Theorems of the Polygonal numbers'.

Letters date from 14 Jan. 1906-2 Sept 1915, and include letters written to Smith's wife Maria Caroline.

8, Grange Gardens, Cambridge. - Thanks Winstanley for taking an initial look at the letters [from her late husband to W. F. Smith]. Mr [Hugh McLeod?] Innes has 'just approved Vol. i in its present form'. Would like Winstanley to read through again and if he has no corrections to pass the typescript to the Master [G. M. Trevelyan] to convey to the Council. Would like to produce a 'more perfect edition' of the letters if 'life should again prove amenable'.

Explains that 'Gaps in and at the end of sentences denote Greek passages which await the pen of a Classic. Paragraphs omitted are not indicated since my husband generally disposed of a subject in a paragraph - and the omissions do not disturb the rhythm. But words and passages omitted, as also one or two arresting observations shorn of their context which I retained, are duly indicated'.

8, Grange Gardens, Cambridge. - Confirms that the copyright in the letters from her late husband to W. F. Smith which she is giving to Trinity remains with her, and that she does not want any extracts from them to be published without her consent.

Letters date from 24 Sept. 1915-7 Nov. 1919, and include letters written to Smith's wife Maria Caroline, as well as a letter from her to Image, 22 Oct. 1919, and another to Florence Image with condolences on the death of her husband, 7 Nov. 1919.

Letterpress copying book, with copies of letters from Image to students and their families, as well as to other members of the College and University on tutorial business. Letter from Florence Image to the Master [G. M. Trevelyan], 15 Jun. 1948, originally accompanying the book when given to Trinity, pasted inside front cover.

Letter from Gerard F. Cobb of the Cambridge University Bicycle Club to J. M. Image, 26 Feb. 1877, with a receipt for a Life Membership fee.

The essay is in Gosse’s own hand, and his name is written at the head and initials at the end. A note at the end of the work reads: 'The whole of this drama was written, in the intervals of school-work, in 10 days. The lyrics were genuinely composed at the points at wh. they are inserted. The pencilled notes & some of the stage directions are in my father's hand. The first draft occupied six days, & was principally written lying on the old sofa in the Boy's Sitting- Room at Thorn Park. The remainder of the time was occupied in revision and transcription. The idea was suggested to me by my dear father, but as I did not seem to respond to it, he was, I believe, equally surprised and gratified when I laid on his table two weeks afterwards'.

The first page at the back of the book has a timetable headed 'Routine', with time set aside for 'Letters', 'D. L', reading aloud, German, Greek, Italian and Latin, and a note of whether Gosse is 'Out', 'At Home', or 'part At Home'. A table is drawn out on the next page for 4-20 November, with headings 'Letters', 'D. L. tr.', 'D. L. com', 'Italian', 'German', 'Greek', 'Latin'; however, only the line for the first day, 4 Nov. is filled in, with entries under Italian-Latin of 'Metastasio. Goethe. Theocritos. Horace'. The next page has a similar table which is completely blank.

The essay is in Gosse’s own hand, and his name is written at the head and at the end. On the front of the slip-case is stamped, ‘ELIZABETHAN FLOWER GARDENS | MSS. | — | EDMUND GOSSE’.

The essays listed below were written by Eddington while at Brynmelyn School, the Quaker school at Weston-super-Mare he attended between 1893 and 1898. They were presented to the Library in August 1945 by Lieutenant-Commander Cyril Alderson Lund, a former member of Trinity, who had found them in a drawer while headmaster of Brynmelyn. Lund also enclosed a letter written to him by Eddington in 1940, probably not long after the discovery of the papers, which, according to Lund, was a response to his inquiry as to ‘how old [Eddington] was when he wrote them’. The plural pronoun, however, appears to be misleading, for Eddington’s letter indicates that Lund sent him only one paper, written in October or November 1896. This was evidently 5, which may have been selected as being the earliest dated item. Corresponding holes in the essay and in Eddington’s letter show that they were formerly pinned together.

It is possible that some, if not all, of the essays were written for inclusion in a school magazine, but no specimens of such a magazine are known to exist [The records of the school, which had closed by the date of Douglas’s biography (1956), do not appear to have survived. There are none at the Somerset Record Office or the Library of the Society of Friends. The Public Library at Weston-super-Mare has a file of information about the school (ref. A\BWG/4/52/14).] . Several of the papers belong to what seems to have been a regular series of astronomical reports, each perhaps intended to cover a month’s celestial activity. Eddington had begun writing these by February 1896, when he mentioned one in a letter to his sister (Douglas, p. 3) [The bursting of an aerolite over Madrid, mentioned in this letter, occurred on the 10th.], but there are no surviving examples earlier than October 1896, unless the date assigned to 6 is incorrect (see below). Douglas also refers to an essay on ‘Jupiter’ (p. 3) and another entitled ‘A Holiday Ride’ (p. 4), written in autumn 1897, from which an extract is given; the whereabouts of these is unknown.

After the papers came into the Library they were simply numbered in the order in which they lay, no attempt being made at a logical arrangement. In compiling the present Catalogue, the opportunity has been taken of arranging the essays in an approximate chronological order, and the numbering has been altered accordingly. The original numbers were as follows: 1 (11), 2 (9), 3 (10), 4 (12), 5 (13), 6 (4), 7 (7), 8 (5), 9 (2), 10 (3), 11 (8), 12 (6), 13 (1). The two letters and the envelope were not previously numbered.

Only five of the essays (4, 5, 7, 8, and 13) are explicitly dated. The first of these lacks the year, but references to certain occultations indicate that it belongs to 1896. 1, 2, and 3, which seem to be the three earliest of the undated items, are paginated respectively 393-398, 399-410, and 411-420, and this may be an indication of their chronological relationship and their closeness in date—though 9, which is probably later (see below), is paginated 369-388. 2 contains a reference to an opposition of Mars—clearly that of October 1894—as having taken place the previous year; it must therefore have written in in 1895, and 1 and 3 probably belong to the same year. 10 contains a reference to the aerolite which burst over Madrid ‘early in 1896’, from which it may be conjectured that the paper was written in 1898, as a reference to either ‘this year’ or ‘last year’ would be expected in 1896 or 1897. 11 is explicitly stated to have been written at the beginning of 1898, and 12 contains an apparent reference to the supposed discovery of a second satellite of the earth by Dr Georg Waltemath, announced in the same year. References in these two papers to other astronomical phenomena have been used to fix the dates more narrowly. 6 and 9 have been tentatively assigned respectively to the years 1897 and 1898 by the character of the writing.

Note on f. 1r: 'The College feels that it will be a matter of great historical interest in after times to have a record of the names, ranks, & home-addresses of those U.S.A. and Dominion Officers who are its guests during the war. Visitors are therefore requested to enter these (& any other particulars which they may care to record) in this book, together with the date of their visit'.

Note on f. 2 r. 'This book was bought, on the instructions of the College Council... on November 7th, 1942, & placed in the rooms at the north end of the Master's Lodge which were set aside as bedrooms for U.S.A. & Dominion Officers staying in College during the war. Before it was institute three officers had stayed in these rooms. As they had no opportunity to enter their names in the book, they have been entered by the Deputy Junior Bursar'. These three names then follow.

The rest of the book is filled in by the officers themselves; as well as dates of stay, names, rank, and addresses, places of education are often recorded; brief comments of appreciation of Trinity and Cambridge are often added. There is a poem by J. P. Clemenceau Le Clercq, 'A Ballade of Thanks to Trinity College', dated 9-10 Nov. 1944, on ff. 46-47

Typescript thesis for M.A. (London)

The book is substantially the text of the Gifford Lectures delivered by Eddington at the University of Edinburgh in Jan.-Mar. 1927.

Typed copies of circular letters written by Gow and sent to correspondents, mostly former pupils, serving abroad; a book, published in 1945, was made of the letters from 1939-1944. News from Trinity and Cambridge; comments on Gow's Air Raid Precaution work, his reading, and other similar matters.

'I hope you will forgive a letter which resembles a circular. It seemed to me that in these uncheerful times those in foreign parts might perhaps like rather more gossip than they usually get out of my correspondence, and that as the gossip would have to be more or less the same for all, it would be a good thing to duplicate it rather than write it all out separately for different people...' [from the first letter, 8 Sept 1939]

Gow's bookplate at front. Typed copies of circular letters written by Gow and sent to correspondents, mostly former pupils, serving abroad; a book, published in 1945, was made of the letters from 1939-1944. News from Trinity and Cambridge; comments on Gow's Air Raid Precaution work, his reading, and other similar matters.

'I hope you will forgive a letter which resembles a circular. It seemed to me that in these uncheerful times those in foreign parts might perhaps like rather more gossip than they usually get out of my correspondence, and that as the gossip would have to be more or less the same for all, it would be a good thing to duplicate it rather than write it all out separately for different people...' [from the first letter, 8 Sept 1939]

Each letter has a note in Gow's hand at the top recording the number of copies sent out and the date of postage [the typed dates included in the letter denote the date of composition]. Pagination running through for letters from 1939-1944, presumably for the publication of these letters in 1945. Typed list of addresses of correspondents on pp. 269-283, dated Oct. 1943 but with MS corrections and annotations; record of which letters were sent to each correspondent, pp.285-297.

Notes on textual criticism.

Letters largely concerned with family matters. Relatives mentioned include 'your Aunt Orkney' [Elizabeth Hamilton, Countess of Orkney]; Grace's half-brother Thomas Thynne, 2nd Viscount Weymouth and his wife Louisa, née Carteret, whom he married in the span of these letters; Grace's 'sister [Mary] Graham', 'Lady Granville' [Grace Carteret, 1st Countess Granville], her godmother; her mother Mary, née Villiers, 'unkle' Henry Villiers, and mother's cousin William O'Brien, 4th Earl of Inchiquin; Lord Carteret [later 2nd Earl Granville] and his wife Frances.

Topics of interest in the letters include April Fools (letter 6, 31 Mar. 1733), pick-pocketing at Bartholomew Fair (letter 13, 28 Aug. 1733), and an attack of smallpox suffered by Grace's sister Betty (letter 17, 8 Dec. 1833, and following).

'E. W. Benson' stamped in gold on front cover, with a small oval containing the words 'Trin. Coll. Camb.' at the foot. Stamped 'Bound by Wilson & Son' on inside front cover; '8. 1920' written beneath in pencil (presumably the date of binding); note of provenance in ink at the bottom (A. C. Benson is called 'Master of Magd. Coll. Camb., as he was by the time of binding, but not at the time of the gift). A label and two letters explaining provenance are pasted to pages of the volume; the thirteen examination papers, from both E. W. Benson's unsuccessful attempt at the Trinity Fellowship examination in 1852 and his successful resit the following year, are then tipped in.

Two copies of printed map, 'Plan of the Town and Fortification of Montreal or Ville Marie in Canada' [London 1759?] used as endpapers at front and back. List of 'Books Lent to Mr Tempest', dated 7 Jan. 1816, on verso of front flyleaf. List of 'Books Lent to Mr Dardis 1804' on verso of following folio.

Alphabetical index of recipes at front of volume. f. 1 headed 'A Collection of Medicinal Receipts. 1713'; another heading, 'S. N. October the 2d 1713 Anno Domini' is on f. 79. The recipes are mostly in the same [18th century] hand, but additional recipes in at least three other hands have been added (on the verso of folios, or on additional sheets bound in, pasted in or loose). One of these, on f. 149v., is headed 'Extract from the Bristol Gazette, November 3rd 1825', showing that the book was used and added to for over 100 years.

ff. 1-5: [General introduction to the works]
ff: 6-7: 'Capitoli generali da osservarsi per l'esecuzione dei lavori stradali'
ff. 8-11r: Account of costs of the work [broken down further, ff. 15-38]
ff. 11v-14: 'Metodo di costruzione'
ff. 15-38: 'Stato circostanziato dei prezzi' [detailed statement of costs]

Dated 'Torino li 27 Gennajo 1822' at end of work.
List of employees of the civil engineering corps of ports and roads in the Kingdom of Sardinia pasted to f. 39r.

This extract covers ff. 1-165 of the printed text in the first published edition of 1834. Extensive alterations and annotations.

Naval logbook recording winds, weather, fleet movements etc.

'? Bishop Ollivant' written on the front cover of the exercise book in pencil; 'No' added above it.

Notebook purchased from F. Dalberg of Copenhagen (see ticket pasted to front cover and loose printed sheet between ff. 27 and 28).

'A. Vansittart, Trin. Coll.' written on first page. Notes on algebra (often with heading 'Deranged Syllabub'), trigonometry, 'Geometric Conics'; book also used from the back in for notes headed 'Variations, Permutations, & Combinations' and 'Continued Fractions'.

'W. K. Clifford' stamped in gold on front cover, with a small oval containing the words 'Trin. Coll. Camb.' at the foot. Stamped 'John P. Gray & Son Ltd', the binders, at the top of the inside front cover; bookplate giving provenance pasted below.

Letter, 8 Oct. 1923, from Lucy Clifford to J. J. Thomson tipped in at front, on headed notepaper for 7 Chilworth Street, W.2. Sir Frederick Pollock thinks Trinity 'would care to possess this MS'; she would be very proud if this were the case, and believes her husband would have been too. Believes it was written in 1877 and published in the Fortnightly Review [in fact, it appeared in the Oct. 1977 of the Nineteenth Century; it later appeared in the collected works edited by Pollock and Leslie Stephen. This is the 'first & only copy'. Describes her husband's usual habits when writing a paper, working through the night with a few breaks to exercise with 'the Indian clubs' and always finishing 'at the last possible moment for publication'. Wishes 'his other MSS. had been saved; but I have no knowledge of them, & even his autograph is very scare owing to the fact that he seldom signed it in full. Hopes Thomson remembers their meeting last year at a dinner given by Mrs Roy Batty [Thomson's sister in law] before a Royal Institution Lecture, and their discussion of Mrs Oliphant's novels.

'XIXth Century' written in blue crayon on first sheet of the essay, perhaps relating to Pollock & Stephen's edition of Clifford's papers, published in 1879; 'R. Young' written in pencil at the top right. 'One of W. K. Clifford's MSS' written in pencil on the back of f. 2. Clifford's name and address (26 Colville Road, Bayswater) on the back of the last sheet.

With bookplate of Daniel Frazer pasted to the inside front cover. Texts of talks given to Free St Peter's Young Men's Association and Congregation; Frequent mention made of Mr. [William] Arnot. Also texts of letters to press etc. Contents:
pp. 1-70: 'Essay. Paper, Pens and Ink... read at meeting of Free St Peter's Young Men's Association... 6th October 1854';
pp. 71-97: 'Day Dreamers of the Day - or John Gough and Teetotalism', described as being 'written early in Spring 1854 and read -with additions to few friends... about mid-summer same year';
pp. 100-154: 'Romanism versus Free Churchism. Popery and the Free Church Contrasted', described as 'The First "Essay" I ever wrote -';
pp. 136-144 [second use of numbers]: 'The Earth - The Work of God - The Habitation of Man', given at Free St Peter's Young Men's Soc., 21 Mar. 1857;
pp. 146-175: 'The Shorter Catechism as an Antidote to Certain Errors of the Day...'
pp. 176-188: 'Young Men's Christian Associations and the Influence of the Pulpit', 'read at annual meeting of Free St Peter's Congregation in City Hall 16 March 1854 [corrected from 1855];
pp. 190-194: 'Truth or Liberty', read at Free St Peter's Young Men's Soc., 5 Jan. 1855:
pp. 195-198: 'The Free Church Schoolmaster's Fund', 'read at Free St Peter's Congregational Meeting in City Hall... 1849-1850? [added in pencil]';
pp. 200-204: 'Education, Should it be National?'
pp. 205-218: 'Moderate "Charity"', 'written soon after the disruption - but never made use of'
p. 219: cutting pasted on, 'The Schoolmasters of the Free Church. To the Editor of the Scottish Guardian', 25 Apr. 1850 ;
p. 220: cutting pasted on, 'Druggists and the Sabbath. To the Editor of the Scottish Guardian, 10 Nov. 1852;
pp. 221-224: cuttings pasted on, 'Druggists' Drudgery', from The Young Men's Magazine: A Monthly Journal, Vol I. No. 8, Aug. 1854;
pp. 225-227: 'The Poor Laws. To the Editor of the Daily Mail', MS;
pp. 228-235: 'Loss of Life in Battle. To the Editor of the North British Daily Mail"', appeared 1 Dec. 1854, MS;
pp. 236-237: 'The Discipline of the Crimean Army. To the Editor of the North British Daily Mail', 24 Jan. 1855;
pp. 237-238: 'The Defence and attack of Fortified Places'; notice of lecture on this subject given by Captain McLaggan to the Young Men's Christian Association, published in North British Daily Mail, 15 Mar. 1855, MS;
pp. 240-258: 'Dr Henry Wilson Cleland';
pp. 260-271: 'The Glasgow Free Church College, and its Professors. To the Editors of the Witness*', 23 May 1856, MS;
pp. 274-276: 'Hugh Miller', read to Free St Peter's Young Men's Society, 20 Mar. 1857;
p. 278: 'Man and His Servants', read at meeting of Y. M. C. Association, 30 Mar. 1863. Text of paper not copied out, and rest of volume blank.

With bookplate of Daniel Frazer pasted to the inside front cover. Sermons delivered between 24 Nov. 1850 and 22 Mar. 1856. Most given by William Arnot; other speakers include Samuel Wilberforce, Bishop of Oxford, and Thomas Guthrie.