Headed notepaper for 23 Wilton Crescent, S.W. - Condolences on the death of Lady Houghton.
17A Northmoor Road, Oxford.—Refers to the preparation of forthcoming Malone Society volumes, and to his own Clark Lectures.
Claims to find Myers' verses 'very moving'. Goes on to list his objections in relation to its content. With regard to Sir B[ ], thinks it would be undignified to make an obvious effort to [ ] him, 'unless through some one who knows him personally.'
The fourth notebook of four into which Ramanujan's Notebook 2 was copied by an unidentified person, catalogued as Add.Ms.b.101-104. Chapter XXI is continued from Add.Ms.b.103. Contents: ff 1-5 Chapter XXI (cont'd); ff 6-12 Calculations 'Copied from the Loose Papers': miscellaneous (ff 6-12), proof for Bertrand's Postulate (ff 13-16), reciprocal functions (ff 16-25), approximate summations of series involving prime numbers (ff 25-44), 'Middle of a paper?' on moduli (ff 45-55), 'The Three Quarterly Reports f the late S. Ramanujan, to the Board of Studies in Mathematics, when he was a Research Scholarship-holder', 5 August and 7 November 1913 and 9 March 1914 (ff 64-118).
Sin títuloReports that the authorities at Trinity College have offered him the post of 'Lecturer on Moral Sciences' at £200 a year, on the understanding that he repudiate all dogmatic obligations. Intends to resign his fellowship. Reports that he has had a conversation with [Bishop] Lightfoot about his situation, and announces that he has been 'partly determined by his advice not to secede from the Church of England.' Discusses his position with regard to his beliefs, including his attitude towards the Apostles' Creed. Asks her to show the letter to Arthur. Admits to be very glad to be 'free from the anxiety of weighing pros and cons.' Mentions that his income will be seriously reduced, but that he shall have much more than enough to live on.
Thanks Sidgwick for his letter. Reports that since they saw each other at Cambridge he has been reading the statutes of the [Whewell] International Law Professorship, and he believes that 'the founder of the Professorship contemplated the Professor being [ ] engaged in non-academical pursuits.' States however that his intentions regarding the India Office 'are independent of any question raised by Dr Whewell's will.' Believes that it would be 'extremely wrong' that any public servant should hold a seat on the Indian Council as well as two academic offices, viz., the Mastership of Trinity Hall and the International Professorship, and states that if he were to be appointed to the latter, he would resign from the Indian Council as soon as he could. His perception of the situation is that the electors, having surveyed the field of candidates, came to the conclusion that there was no one to be preferred to Maine, he would be invited to apply for the position. Suggests that it would be enough if he authorised Sidgwick to declare him a candidate; assures him that he is 'not for a moment suggesting that' Sidgwick vote for him. Asks him to let him know the result by telegraph when the election is over.
Reviews the changes that have taken place since he attended the Indian National Congress at Gauhati in 1926, and reflects on the current problems facing India.
(Carbon copy of a typed original. The article was written for a Souvenir published in connection with the 63rd Indian National Congress. See 2/102–3.)
—————
Transcript
THE CHANGING EAST.
By Rt Hon Lord Pethick-Lawrence
In 1926 I attended the meeting of the Indian National Congress in Gauhati. I am most interested therefore to learn that it is being held there again this year.
What changes have taken place in the 31 intervening years! Then, Congress was still fighting an uphill battle for independence. Now, India ranks among the great nations of the world. Then the self-governing members of the Commonwealth consisted solely of peoples of European extraction. Now it includes peoples of Asia and Africa.
When I was a boy, India used to be spoken of as part of the “Unchanging East”. No one says that today. Everyone can see that India is changing very fast.
One of the reasons why I have come to India now in my 86th year is to try to find out how India is responding to the claims of the new age. During the few weeks that I have been here I have kept my eyes and ears open and I have learnt a great deal about your problems. I realise how great they are in number and intensity. Here are just a few of them:— Education, language, caste and custom, races, power, employment, population, finance, riches and poverty, social welfare, democratic institutions, international relationships.
I have stayed long enough to realise what a colossal task you have to tackle. But it has been much too short for me to come to any well-balanced conclusion as to the degree of your success. Indeed I doubt whether anyone even with far better knowledge than I is yet in a position to measure your all-round progress. In my view another ten or fifteen years will have to elapse before this can be done.
What I can tell you is that your efforts are being watched with the deepest and most friendly interest by the people of my country and by other members of the Commonwealth.
We want so much that you should succeed magnificently. We want so much that your people should increase their standard of life and their stature. We want to see India playing a noble part in the world.
May this Congress at Gauhati bring nearer these high ends!
Sends Elizabeth Bickersteth's screens, birth of [John Edward Cooper], asks Charlotte to pray for her as she expects a test of her faith: Preston
Brief exchanges only.
Letter dated 31 Aug.
Expresses his eagerness to write in honour of Darwin [on the occasion of the publication of Francis Darwin's Life and Letters of Charles Darwin], but envisages some difficulties, viz., the papers, including the Times, being so full of Darwin 'from every point of view' that it will be difficult 'to make one's voice heard.' Presumes that [J. T. ?] Knowles and others have already arranged for reviews. Refers to Darwin's own autobiography, and suggests that any review should merely say 'read it'. Remarks that F[rancis] Darwin 'may be quite sure that the book has intrinsic interest enough to dispense with any [puffing] or interpreting.' Undertakes to read the book at once, and consider what he can do. Complains of '[t]hat accursed dictionary [of National Biography]', which he describes as a treadmill, but claims that he is getting into a sort of routine, which will give him time to do other things. Claims that he is always trying to get to Cambridge to see his boy [his step-son George Duckworth] there, but doesn't often succeed; hopes to be there one day during the term, and promises to make an effort to see Sidgwick. Expresses his [and Mrs Stephen's) gladness that [Arthur?] Balfour is convalescing.
Sin títuloFamily finances, hopes Robert B Mayor will avoid bankruptcy, Henry B Mayor's offer from Clifton College: Bournemouth
Miscellaneous correspondence: 1955, 1955, 1958.
RJ has been seized with one of his 'fits of sinful non-writing'. On behalf of two different people RJ has been asked to write to WW requesting favours for their respective sons. Robert Peel's speech last night has I think quenched his reputation as a statesman for ever - on looking attentively at the speech you will see that two very distinct objects pressed on him last autumn which he has fused violently...The first the state of Ireland - which required efficient - prompt nay instant measures. He does not take them even when his submissive cabinet came back - though he holds out now any delay in opening the Irish ports to Rice[,] Maize and Oats as almost a crime'. This emergency 'forces on him a conviction that a general review of our commercial and fiscal system, more especially of the corn laws is wise - if not essential - granted - this surely is an operation which both from its nature and from the expectations and temper of his own party required deliberation temper full investigation tact. But he who has neglected the emergency seems to have done so only that he might preserve it whole to use as an argument for making the great change of commercial policy abrupt[,] harsh and not merely distasteful but so odious and apparently so unfair and in the eyes of his surprised friends that all the advantages[,] preparation and persuasion might have given him in the great undertaking are gone. The argument that because there is a temporary dearth of potatoes in Ireland there must be an instant permanent and entire change in the system of England as to wheat for instance is absurd. He might as well attempt to feed the Irish on turtle soup as on wheat'. RJ thinks 'it just possible that with rational management he might have conciliated and kept together the greater part of his party and attained all it was wise to attempt at once. For till now no one ever thought it possible to change in a day a system complicated by colonial maritime and fiscal regulation for really free trade. In fact he has not fairly interpreted it and for that I do not blame him. He has attempted a larger step than he shewed in his circumstances I am well convinced'. The whole public horizon looks gloomy. The House of Lords 'will either throw the bill out or change it in committee - there must come a dissolution which all say will bring in parties too nearly balanced for either of them to conduct the government - and no one pretends to see what next'. However RJ thinks the measures themselves were in the right direction: 'I heartily wish I saw any chance of their gradual and wholesome progress - I see none. If after the coming struggle they pass in their present shape the unusual demand neated by the railway expenditure which more than equals our late war expenditure at home, may ward off a share of evil for a time and to the adjustments which take place during that time we must look for our best chance of escaping with institutions and property - unsmashed - It is well to have this ray and hope'.
2 Brook Street - Thanks WW for his book [Indications of the Creator, 1845]: 'I had been expressing my wish that the last two or three chapters in your Bridgewater Treatise [Astronomy and General Physics Considered with Reference to Natural Theology, 1833] could be republished in relation to those very topics. What you have printed has in considerable degree fulfilled this object'. HH cannot think who the author of the Vestiges of Creation can be - 'though from his familiarity with modern science...it seems as if he were a person that must be known. I think him not to be a medical man...The 3rd edition, which is the one I have, is improved in many respects; but the essential faults remain'
Rome. - Is still not sure where he will be at Easter, as he has not yet fixed when accounts with the peasants will be settled. Gives directions for reaching Metelliano from Florence; Nicky [Mariano] will be able to help. He, Tonino and Ebe, the house and the dog will all be happy to see Trevelyan and Julian. Has one last query about Trevelyan's brother's book [G.M. Trevelyan, "English Social History"] for his translation
Madeira Cottage, Lyme Regis. - Good of Trevelyan to write so promptly about the scheme for a masque to mark the opening of the new Library [at Somerville College, Oxford, see 4/55 and 4/56]; sketches the loggia below the library, with disposition of pillars inside and steps in front, where she thinks the masque could be put on. Expects she could get twenty or thirty performers; it would be convenient if a rout of beasts were included as many old students made themselves costumes for a former performance. Feels it should be more of a pageant than a drama: does not think there are any particularly good actors, and it would fit the spirit of the occasion. The opening of the library will be early in June, which may not leave Trevelyan enough time.
Northlands, Englefield Green, Surrey. - Asks Bessie if she can send back an enclosure; despairs as to how they can get D.F.T. [Donald Tovey] to get the symphony ready in time [for its British premiere]. Is now going to Edinburgh for a week, after an attack of influenza; Kate [Friskin] is playing the Schumann allegro and Beethoven G major concerto, with Donald conducting, on the 20th. The critic at the Hague is 'delightful'; is astonished any newspaperman could understand Donald so well; asks Bessie to translate it exactly for her. Her 'world is full of Belgians - two more, convalescent officers, arrived today'. Madame de Beughen will be in charge of them till she returns.
Woodside, Cove, Dumbartonshire - Thanks him for his kind words about her father Baldwin Spencer in the 'Times'; had a letter from her father dated 22 April, asks if Frazer would like to see any notes her father made on his last expedition, and give advice on what to do with them.
Accompanied by the envelope.
22 Sussex Villas, W. - Has written to Mrs Grammont [sic: Bramine Hubrecht] 'about her young Russian'. Tells Bessie to make sure Bob writes the article on [Thomas Sturge] Moore as soon as he gets home. Will be away from the middle of March to the middle of May, so Bob must communicate directly with [Edward] Jenks about the article, unless [Nathaniel] Wedd or [Goldie Lowes] Dickinson return from their Easter holiday in time to take it. Glad they have got 'such a jolly place'.
Hotel & Pension Palumbo, Ravello, presso Amalfi. - Very sorry to hear her aunt is no better; wishes her uncle would get a nurse; agrees that Bessie should not go to England yet and will therefore stay longer in Ravello; if her aunt is no better by the time he reaches the Hague he will stay only a few days and could come back later.
Wallington, Cambo, Northumberland. - Glad that they found Caroline 'a great comfort and pleasure'; is not 'anxious' but 'much interested' about Elizabeth [due to give birth]. Interested by what Robert says about [Aeschylus's] "Eumenides", which he thinks the best Greek tragedy he has read. Hopes the newspaper reports of the discovery of a substantial fragment of Menander are true. Discusses his recent reading of Lucian, whom Macaulay quotes in his essay on Madame D'Arblay.
Summer Quarter
67pp. typescript notes made by G. Hedrick.
Created while at Stanford University, California, 1947-48, 1950.